腓立比書 緒論 & 1:1-11 Philippians Intro and 1:1-11
- 馬克牧師

- May 23
- 11 min read
各位弟兄姊妹平安,我們今天要開始一起查考《腓立比書》。
《腓立比書》是保羅所寫的一封非常特別、也非常有意思的書信。在新約書信中,它的真實性幾乎沒什麼爭議,無論從文筆、風格還是寫作時間來看,都非常符合保羅在宣教旅程中的經歷。因此,我們可以很有把握地說,這的確是保羅親筆所寫的。
當我們讀這封信的時候,很明顯可以感受到幾個特點。首先,這是一封充滿溫情的書信,保羅與腓立比教會之間有著非常親密的關係。他對腓立比的信徒充滿思念,字裡行間都流露出深厚的情誼和關懷。
此外,保羅在這封信中也給了腓立比教會許多實際生活上的指引。他不只是教導信仰,更教導如何把信仰落實在日常生活當中。這封信不僅溫暖,也非常實用,是一本幫助我們學習如何用聖經原則來過每一天的寶貴書信。
在開始查考經文之前,我們可以先一起了解一下當時的時空背景,以及腓立比這個城市的歷史與地理位置。當我們對這些背景有更多認識後,就能更深入地從當時的視角來理解保羅這封書信的意義。
腓立比位於今天希臘北部,接近現代的城市卡瓦拉(Kavala),大約在其北邊16公里處的山區。我很感恩能在2023年時跟著教會一同參加了一趟土耳其與希臘的宣教之旅,親身走訪了保羅當年傳道的足跡。我們當時從土耳其一路開車來到希臘,經過卡瓦拉這個美麗的海邊城市,也造訪了腓立比的遺址。
在羅馬時代,腓立比是一個重要的軍事重鎮,也是羅馬殖民地之一。這代表它在當時不僅有軍事上的戰略地位,其居民還享有羅馬公民的權利,政治與經濟地位相當高。
腓立比這個城市的名稱來自馬其頓國王腓力二世——他是亞歷山大大帝的父親。他於公元前386年建立這座城市,並將其命名為“腓立比”。這個地點非常關鍵,因為它坐落於一條狹窄的山道中,是東方的亞洲與西方的歐洲之間的交通要道。在這裡設立要塞,可以掌控整個地區的通行與軍事防衛。
我們在《使徒行傳》第16章中看到保羅第一次來到腓立比的記載。他在那裡傳福音時遭遇反對,甚至被誣告擾亂民心,因而被關進腓立比的監獄(使徒行傳16:25–40)。我也親眼看到了傳說中保羅與西拉被囚的監獄遺址,那是一段讓人深刻感受到聖經歷史真實性的經歷。
腓立比的繁榮在羅馬時代達到高峰,但在公元6世紀末期,經歷了查士丁尼大瘟疫與後來的地震後,城市幾乎全毀,最終淪為廢墟。直到19世紀末,人們才重新發現並開始對這座古城進行考古挖掘。1914年由法國考古團隊正式展開了第一次系統性的發掘,儘管第一次世界大戰中途打斷了進程,但最終還是揭示出腓立比城的許多聖經與歷史遺跡。
我們從歷史的背景中也學習到,保羅在寫腓立比書的時候,正身處於羅馬的監獄中,面對即將受審要被處死的命運。但即使處在這樣困難的環境裡,他仍用充滿喜樂與盼望的語氣寫信給腓立比的弟兄姊妹,這也讓我們看見他對這群信徒有多麼深厚的感情。
腓立比也是一個關鍵的起點——在這裡,我們見證了第一位被記錄的外邦人信主的故事。她的名字是呂底亞,一位賣紫色布匹的商人,根據記載,她是當地的貴婦階層,經濟上相當富裕。而在同一章的《使徒行傳》第16章中,我們還看見另一位女性,她是一位希臘人,但身份卻是奴隸,被主人用來行占卜、像現今我們說的 “乩童” 一樣被利用謀利。
此外,還有一位羅馬士兵——獄卒,當保羅與西拉被囚在腓立比時,神蹟發生,使監獄的門自動打開。這名獄卒原本幾乎要自盡,但因著保羅的話得以悔改,結果他和全家人都信了耶穌。
這三位信徒——一位貴婦、一位奴隸、一位軍人——本來社會地位天差地遠,生活背景完全不同,卻因著福音的力量,一同成為在基督裡的家人。這也就是腓立比教會最美的一個見證:耶穌的信仰從一開始就打破了階級、文化與種族的藩籬,使人們在基督裡得以真正合一。所以腓立比書中也相當強調合一的這一個觀念。
我們就來開始分享《腓立比書》第一章的故事。
一開始,他就說:「基督耶穌的僕人保羅和提摩太寫信……」他沒有說自己是使徒。這一封書信,是一封非常個人的書信,是令人感到親切、溫暖的問候。所以我們可以看到,這不是一封要來責備人的信,而是一封友誼之信。
這裡有一個關鍵詞,他說自己是「基督耶穌的僕人」。「僕人」這個字,在當時的語境下,其實指的是「奴隸」。更精準地說,就是「我是耶穌的奴隸」。對很多人來說,「奴隸」這個詞有負面的觀感,因為奴隸通常被視為地位卑下、沒有自由。但我們若深入理解,在基督裡成為神的奴僕,其實是一種尊榮。
在基督信仰裡,我們不是被地上的人所奴役,而是屬於天上那位至高的創造主。我們有這個榮幸被祂揀選、呼召,來完成祂交託給我們的使命。這是一個極大的榮耀。這也是為什麼現在的牧師們,很多人不單單自稱是某某牧師,而是「神的僕人馬克」——表示一種甘願為主而活的身分認同。
接著我們看到,保羅說:「每逢想念你們,我就感謝我的神;每逢為你們眾人祈求的時候,常是歡歡喜喜地祈求。」(腓立比書 1:3–4)那時候的保羅是在監獄裡,他卻能因著想念這些弟兄姊妹而充滿喜樂。他真正掌握了福音的奧秘,就是不論處在卑賤或富足的情況中,都能知足喜樂。
而第9到11節,是我們基督徒生活中非常重要的三節經文,我們要認真思考:
第9節說:「我所禱告的,就是要你們的愛心,在知識和各樣見識上多而又多。」這裡提到三個重點:愛心、知識、見識。在英文放大版聖經中對應的三個詞分別是:
· Love(愛心)
· Real knowledge(真實的知識)
· Practical insight(實際的見識)
這三樣是我們處世待人應當具備的屬靈素質。
接著第10節說:「使你們能分別是非,作誠實無過的人,直到基督的日子。」這是為了讓我們能有屬靈的分辨力,活出誠實無過的生命,直到主再來的日子。
第11節補充說:「並靠著耶穌基督結滿了仁義的果子,叫榮耀稱讚歸與神。」這三節經文真的是完美總結了基督徒該有的生活方向,我們接下來可以一條一條地深入分析。
現在第九節的這三個字非常關鍵的,第一個要有「愛」。愛必須要展現出來,我們如果總是把愛掛在嘴上,而沒有實際行動的話呢,其實是看不見的,而且我們會成為所謂的雙標黨,只是叫人做,卻做不出來。所以呢,基督徒的生命首先要活出愛的樣式。
第二個提到的是所謂的「Real knowledge」,真正的知識。那什麼是真正的知識呢?我們在讀書的時候會學到很多知識,可能會有所謂的物理學問,有數學、有英文等等各種各樣的學問。但保羅這邊所說的,是要我們明白關於聖經、關於人、關於上帝的知識。這個真正的知識是一切的根基,是人生的底子。當我們把人生建立在這樣的知識之上的時候,我們就擁有一個完整穩固的人生大樓。
他提到的是:「so that you may learn to recognize and treasure what is excellent [identifying the best, and distinguishing moral differences], and that you may be pure and blameless until the day of Christ [actually living lives that lead others away from sin]。」
這裡面講的是要能夠分辨最好的,以及那些道德上的差異。在今天的世代裡面,我們常常看到人因為自私,把一些道德觀念模糊掉,把人類的自由高舉,把人的意念放在真正的是非之上。現在變成了沒有什麼叫對與錯,只要我高興就好。人不斷想要重新定義這些界線,為了自己的私慾去定義一切。
常常人會說:「你不需要管我,這是我喜歡做的事,我不要你來干涉。」當我們沒有這樣的分辨智慧的時候呢,我們自然而然會走向墮落。這也是現在社會遇到最大的問題。很多時候你拿一個真理去勸人,他們回答說:「你不用管我,這是我自己要決定的事情。」
所以當基督徒擁有這樣明辨是非的能力,能夠有智慧,而不是總是以自我為出發點的時候,你才真正擁有了真知識。
另外一個重點就是actually living lives that lead others away from sin 活出一個領人離開罪的生活,就是第十一節所說的結出仁義的果子。
第三點叫做「Insight」,這個字翻譯叫做「洞見」。中文裡有個說法叫「慧眼」——慧眼識英雄的那個慧眼;也可以說是洞察力,就是一種不只是看表面,而是能看到深層原因、底層邏輯的能力。
這種洞察力,能幫助我們不會因為表面的呈現而迷失,能真正看見事情的來龍去脈與內在核心。這樣的能力,就是保羅所說的「見識」。
然後第11節講到,這一切的目的就是「結出仁義的果子」。這部分就是在告訴我們,基督徒活著必須要有見證。
也就是說,這個果子是讓人看見這棵樹健康成長的關鍵。如果一棵樹沒有結出果子來,我們就會判定這棵樹可能是生病了、沒有施肥,或者甚至是已經死掉了。
我們看到一棵會結果子的樹,才會去認識這棵樹的好壞。例如這個果子到底是好吃還是不好吃,是對的還是不對的。如果這棵樹結出來的果子又小、又瘦、又黃,根本沒有什麼營養價值,看起來也不好吃,你一定會懷疑這棵樹是不是出了問題——也許是土壤不對,也許根系出問題。
所以當保羅說「你們要結出仁義的果子」的時候,就是在說我們的外在生活,我們的行為、工作、待人處事,都應該能夠讓人看見豐盛與喜樂,看見我們活出一種不一樣的生命。
而當別人問你:「你怎麼會這樣?為什麼你這麼有喜樂?這麼穩定?」你就可以回答說:「因為上帝的緣故,我得著豐盛;因為聖經的原則,我結出了果子。」
這個時候,別人會稱讚你,說你這個人不錯。但你卻可以說:「不是,是因為上帝;是因為耶穌。」這樣一來,榮耀就歸給了上帝。
你看到了嗎?基督徒的生活方式就應該是這個樣子——結出果子、讓人看見、見證神的榮耀。
所以我們今天先分享到《腓立比書》第一章第11節這個地方。
我們看見了《腓立比書》的歷史背景,也從保羅的文字中,領受到一個基督徒生活的總原則——就是要有愛心、要有知識、要有見識,並且要結出果子,把榮耀歸給上帝。
以這樣的開頭作為我們查經的起點,讓我們明天繼續分享《腓立比書》第一章的下半段:「我活著就是基督。」
感謝各位的聆聽,願上帝祝福各位!
Dear brothers and sisters, peace be with you. Today, we begin our study of the Book of Philippians.
The Book of Philippians is a very special and interesting letter written by Paul. Among the New Testament epistles, its authenticity is hardly disputed. In terms of writing style, tone, and timing, it aligns closely with Paul's missionary experiences. Therefore, we can confidently say that this letter was indeed penned by Paul himself.
As we read this letter, we can clearly sense several characteristics. Firstly, it's a letter filled with warmth; Paul had a very close relationship with the church in Philippi. His longing for the believers there is evident throughout the text, reflecting deep affection and care.
Moreover, Paul provides the Philippian church with practical guidance for daily living. He doesn't just teach doctrine; he instructs on how to live out one's faith in everyday life. This letter is not only heartfelt but also highly practical, serving as a valuable guide for applying biblical principles daily.
Before delving into the text, let's first understand the historical and geographical context of Philippi. This background will help us grasp the significance of Paul's message from the perspective of that time.
Philippi is located in what is now northern Greece, near the modern city of Kavala, approximately 16 kilometers inland. I'm grateful that in 2023, I had the opportunity to join a church mission trip to Turkey and Greece, retracing Paul's missionary journey. We traveled from Turkey to Greece, passing through the beautiful coastal city of Kavala and visiting the ruins of ancient Philippi.
During the Roman era, Philippi was a significant military outpost and a Roman colony. This status meant it held strategic military importance, and its residents enjoyed Roman citizenship, granting them substantial political and economic privileges.
The city's name, Philippi, comes from King Philip II of Macedon, the father of Alexander the Great. He established the city in 356 BC and named it after himself. The location was strategically vital, situated along a narrow mountain pass that served as a key route between Asia and Europe. Controlling this pass allowed for dominance over regional trade and military movements.
In Acts 16, we read about Paul's first visit to Philippi. While preaching there, he faced opposition and was accused of disturbing the peace, leading to his imprisonment (Acts 16:25–40). I personally saw the traditional site believed to be the prison where Paul and Silas were held, which was a profound experience affirming the historical reality of the Scriptures.
Philippi thrived during the Roman period but faced decline in the late 6th century due to the Justinian Plague and subsequent earthquakes. The city was eventually abandoned and remained in ruins until rediscovered in the 19th century. Systematic archaeological excavations began in 1914, revealing many biblical and historical artifacts.
Historically, we learn that Paul wrote the letter to the Philippians while imprisoned in Rome, facing the possibility of execution. Despite his dire circumstances, he wrote with joy and hope, demonstrating his deep love for the Philippian believers.
Philippi also holds significance as the site where the first recorded Gentile convert, Lydia, came to faith. She was a wealthy merchant dealing in purple cloth. Additionally, Acts 16 mentions a Greek slave girl, used by her owners for fortune-telling, and a Roman jailer who, after witnessing a miraculous event, believed in Jesus along with his entire household. These three individuals—a wealthy woman, a slave girl, and a Roman soldier—came from vastly different backgrounds but were united in Christ, exemplifying the breaking down of social barriers through the gospel.
Now, let's begin our exploration of Philippians Chapter 1.
Paul starts by identifying himself and Timothy as "servants of Christ Jesus," rather than asserting his apostolic authority. This indicates a personal and affectionate tone, suggesting that this letter is more of a friendly correspondence than a formal doctrinal treatise.
The term "servant" here is more accurately translated as "slave." While "slave" often carries negative connotations, in the Christian context, being a slave to Christ is a position of honor. It signifies total devotion and obedience to God, the supreme Creator. Many pastors today refer to themselves as "God's servant," reflecting this humble and committed identity.
Paul continues, expressing gratitude and joy every time he remembers the Philippians, even while imprisoned. He exemplifies the secret of contentment in all circumstances, a key theme of the gospel.
Verses 9 to 11 are particularly important for Christian living:
Verse 9: "And this is my prayer: that your love may abound more and more in knowledge and depth of insight."
Here, Paul emphasizes three qualities: love, knowledge, and insight. In the Amplified Bible, these are rendered as:
Love: Genuine affection and care.
Real knowledge: True understanding of God's word and character.
Practical insight: The ability to apply knowledge wisely in everyday situations.
Verse 10: "So that you may be able to discern what is best and may be pure and blameless for the day of Christ."
This speaks to developing discernment to distinguish right from wrong, especially in a world where moral standards are often blurred. As believers, we are called to uphold truth and live lives that reflect Christ's purity.
Verse 11: "Filled with the fruit of righteousness that comes through Jesus Christ—to the glory and praise of God."
This verse underscores the importance of bearing visible fruit in our lives—evidence of our faith through actions and character. Just as a healthy tree bears good fruit, a faithful Christian life should produce righteousness that brings glory to God.
In summary, today's study of Philippians 1:1–11 reveals the historical context of the letter and Paul's guidance for living a life marked by love, knowledge, discernment, and righteousness. Let's carry these principles into our daily lives, striving to honor God in all we do.
Thank you for listening. May God bless you all!









Comments