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歷代志上 緒論 & 1 & 2章 1 Chronicles Intro & 1 & 2

  • Writer: 馬克牧師
    馬克牧師
  • Jun 4
  • 11 min read
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歷代志緒論 + 1&2章


Chronicle Intro 1 & 2

歷代志上緒論+第一章 + 第二章

 

各位平安,我們這一講要開始來聊《舊約》裡的一卷書——《歷代志上》。


通常一提到《歷代志》,很多人可能會覺得:「哇,這本書好深奧喔!」確實,它一開始就用非常複雜的家譜開場,加上一連串的記載,讓人讀起來不太輕鬆。


這本書看起來或許不是那麼熱門,也不是大家第一個會想讀的經卷,畢竟裡面記載的歷史對我們來說有點「硬」,需要對以色列的歷史有比較深的了解。


但如果你願意花時間好好去看它、去明白它在寫什麼,你會慢慢欣賞它所記錄下來的內容,特別是整個救恩歷史中的脈絡——真的會帶給我們很多幫助。


所以這一系列,我想試著用比較直白、沒有太多宗教術語的方式,來跟大家分享《歷代志》的內容,以及它為什麼對我們很重要。


那我們就先來簡單介紹一下《歷代志》的作者背景以及成書的時代。


其實,《歷代志上》和《歷代志下》原本是一卷書,後來才被人為地分成兩卷。至於作者是誰,並沒有明確的記載,這卷書大概寫成的時間,是在以色列人被擄到巴比倫之後,也就是大約主前539年到主前400年之間。那時候的猶太人已經沒有自己的國家了。他們先是被巴比倫帝國征服,接著又被波斯帝國統治,後來再進入到羅馬帝國的統治之下。


也就是在這段國破家亡、民族信仰面臨挑戰的時期,一些還保有信仰與歷史意識的猶太學者 — 他們開始重新整理以色列的歷史。他們不只是記錄歷史,還將先知書、律法書,甚至是後來被稱為「大先知書」和「小先知書」的內容,還有詩篇,智慧書等等,一起進行統整和編纂。


這樣的工作,後來成為我們今天所熟知的《舊約聖經》的正典,也就是被公認為「神的話語」的那一部分。


《歷代志》雖然跟《列王紀》同樣屬於歷史書,但它的本質其實不太一樣。


就像《新約聖經》中有四卷福音書——馬太、馬可、路加、約翰——它們記錄的是同一位耶穌,但從不同作者的角度出發,各自有不同的重點和觀察。《歷代志》也有點像這樣。它並不是補充《列王紀》或其他經文的內容,而是一卷獨立的歷史記載。


我們可以把《歷代志》、《列王紀》、《撒母耳記》、《尼希米記》等等看作是不同視角的歷史敘述。它們記載的事件有時候重疊,但寫作的角度、想要強調的主題,往往反映了每位作者自己的信仰眼光與時代背景。


所以我們在讀《歷代志》的時候,不需要把它當成是對其他書的補遺或副本,而是要像讀四福音書一樣,帶著「這是另一位作者的視角」來閱讀。這樣我們就能更清楚看見,《歷代志》有哪些獨特的記錄、故事和神學上的重點。


就像每位福音書作者都有自己的背景與人生歷練,他們筆下的耶穌就有不同的形象與強調。同樣地,《歷代志》的作者所關心的,不只是歷史本身,而是他認為「在這些歷史中,上帝要對當時人民說的話」是什麼。


好,那我們就正式進入《歷代志上》的第一章。


其實從第一章到第九章,基本上就是一大段家譜。這一段老實說,是很多人讀起來最吃力的地方,因為名字又多又長,有時候念到都會覺得「這我到底在讀什麼?」


但別小看這些名字,這段歷史其實非常詳盡地記錄了從亞當開始的整個人類血脈。到了第二章和第三章,就開始聚焦在亞伯拉罕後裔,也就是以色列的十二支派,還有中間也特別提到了大衛王的家譜。


我們可以看到,大衛、所羅門、掃羅這三位人物的出現,其實就在暗示一個重點:這卷書和《撒母耳記》有些類似,它特別強調的是「君王的系譜」,尤其是大衛這一支的歷史脈絡。


雖然說這些家譜是大家最容易卡關的地方,但如果你願意稍微放慢腳步,其實裡面藏著一些聖經作者希望我們注意到的亮點。這些不是單純的「血緣名單」,它們也在告訴我們一些神學上的重點——比方說哪些人被記得、哪些人沒被提、誰的名字被重複提了幾次,這些背後都有意思。


所以這一段,我們不會一字一句地細讀,而是想挑出幾節重點經文,來看看它們怎麼啟發我們去理解這段歷史,也怎麼幫助我們去思考我們自己的信仰生命。


首先,我們來看《歷代志上》從亞當到亞伯拉罕這一段的家譜。


這段內容其實就是承接《創世紀》的記載,從亞當開始,接著講到挪亞的三個兒子——閃、含、雅弗。然後重點聚焦在閃這一支系,從他往下講到亞法撒、直到亞伯蘭——也就是後來的亞伯拉罕。


作者在這裡特別強調閃的支系,是因為這一脈成為了亞伯拉罕的祖先,也就是上帝應許祝福要臨到的那個家族。


然後我們會注意到,作者也花了篇幅記錄亞伯拉罕的其他後代——不只是以撒這一支,還包括他的長子以實瑪利。以實瑪利是亞伯拉罕和妾所生的兒子,雖然他不是上帝應許的那位,但在這裡仍然被記錄下來,顯示出作者的包容性與歷史完整性。


另外還提到亞伯拉罕與基土拉所生的其他兒子。這些人在整個聖經敘事裡面角色不大,但《歷代志》仍一一記下,說明這些家族雖然不是救恩主線的一部分,卻也是神歷史計畫中的一環。

然後我們還看到以撒的兩個兒子——以掃和雅各。


雅各就是後來的以色列,而以掃呢,大家還記得吧?他是那位被紅豆湯騙走長子名分的哥哥。當時利百加也幫雅各用詭計騙走了以撒的祝福。後來雅各逃跑了二十年,再回來與以掃和好。

而以掃的後代,就是所謂的「以東人」。這一支後來也成為一個獨立的民族勢力,與以色列人之間的關係可以說是又近又遠——他們有血緣關係,卻始終沒有真正融合。


這一段雖然看起來只是家譜,但背後其實藏著很多我們熟悉的聖經人物與故事。作者不只是要我們「認人」,更是要我們「認神的作為」如何透過這些人慢慢鋪展出祂的救恩歷史。


來到《歷代志上》的第二章,我們就會注意到一個很明顯的轉折:作者正式切入以色列民族的核心家譜,特別從雅各的兒子——也就是十二支派的祖先——開始講起。


不過你會發現,他不是照著兄弟們的出生順序來記載,而是直接從猶大開始講起。照理說,大哥應該是流便(呂便),但作者偏偏選擇先寫猶大的後裔,這裡其實有很深的神學意涵。


為什麼先講猶大呢?因為大衛王就出自猶大這一支。這種寫法,其實是在強調王室血統的合法性與延續性。大衛的家譜不只是歷史上的記錄,更是神對以色列的應許在歷史中逐步實現的一個見證。


我們從整個脈絡可以看出來:亞伯拉罕不只生了以撒,以撒也不只生了雅各(也就是以色列),雅各也有十二個兒子。但這家譜一路追蹤的重點,始終是那一條要延續到大衛王的脈絡——從亞伯拉罕到以撒,到以色列,再到猶大,然後一路走到大衛。


這不是隨便排列的,而是為了讓讀者明白:神的應許,從一開始就有方向、有重點,而這個方向最終是要引導到彌賽亞的來臨(雖然作者還沒經過這一件事情,但我們看見這樣的記載有神的引導)


而且,《歷代志》的作者在記錄這些家譜時,其實並沒有刻意美化或避開那些過去比較「尷尬」的歷史。


比方說,在第二章第四節,猶大與他兒媳婦他瑪(Tamar)的故事也被直接寫進來。這段故事我們可以回到《創世記》38章去看,猶大在不知情的情況下與他瑪同房,生下了法勒斯和謝拉。這不是一段光彩的歷史,但作者並沒有掩蓋它,而是如實記錄,顯示出他對歷史的誠實,也讓我們看到,神的恩典常常超越人的錯誤與限制。


同樣地,在第三章,作者也記載了所羅門的母親叫拔書亞(Bath-shua),這個名字在《撒母耳記》中被稱作拔示巴。這段故事我們都熟悉,原本是從一段犯錯開始,但神仍然讓所羅門成為以色列的君王。


這些記錄都告訴我們,這不只是一份名單,它其實蘊含著深層的神學信息:神在歷史中的工作,並不是透過完美的人,而是透過有過失、有故事、但仍願意回應祂的人。


而這條王室家譜,最後也延伸到《新約》的馬太福音,成為耶穌基督的族譜——這是彌賽亞的脈絡,是從大衛而來、由神所揀選的王的後裔。


我們接著看到《歷代志上》第二章18到20節,這裡提到了希斯崙的後代,特別是他的兒子迦勒的家譜。


這裡要稍微釐清一下,這位迦勒不是我們熟知、和約書亞一起窺探迦南地的那位「耶孚尼的兒子迦勒」,而是另外一位同名人物——他是希斯崙的親生兒子,屬於猶大支派。


這段家譜記載,迦勒有兩位妻子。第一位是阿蘇巴,她為他生了三個兒子:耶設、朔罷和押墩。後來阿蘇巴去世後,迦勒又娶了以法她,生下了戶珥


接著的重點來了:戶珥生了烏利,烏利再生下比撒列。如果你對出埃及記還有印象的話,這位比撒列就是神親自揀選來設計製作會幕和約櫃的那位藝術工匠。


所以你看,這裡的家譜不只是記名字而已,它在告訴我們,比撒列這位非常關鍵的聖工職人,其實也是出自猶大支派,是大衛家族的旁支血脈。


這也讓我們看見,在神的救恩計畫中,不只是君王和先知被記得,像比撒列這樣以技藝服事神的人,也在家譜中佔有一席之地。


歷代志上第一章第二章的部分先分享到這邊,下一講我們繼續歷代志上的分享。感謝各位的聆聽,願上帝祝福各位。


Introduction to 1 Chronicles + Chapter 1

Peace to you all! Today, we begin a new series on a book from the Old Testament — 1 Chronicles.


Now, let’s be honest — when people hear "Chronicles," many might immediately think, “Wow, that’s a deep and difficult book!” And it's true. It opens with a complex genealogy and follows with a series of historical records that can feel quite heavy and hard to digest.

1 Chronicles may not be the most popular book or the one people instinctively reach for. The historical accounts can seem “dry” unless you have a deeper understanding of Israel’s history. But if you're willing to spend time with it and truly grasp what it’s trying to say, you'll start to appreciate how it beautifully preserves the storyline of salvation history — and that has a lot to offer us today.


So in this series, I’d like to explore 1 Chronicles with you in a straightforward and down-to-earth way — without too much theological jargon — and show why this book matters to us.

Let’s start with a bit of background on the authorship and the time of writing.


1 and 2 Chronicles were originally one book. The division came later. The author is anonymous, but it was likely written between 539–400 BCE, after the Israelites returned from Babylonian exile. At that point, the Jewish people had lost their nation. They were conquered by Babylon, then ruled by Persia, and eventually came under Roman rule.


It was during this time of national collapse and spiritual crisis that some Jewish scholars — still holding on to faith and a sense of history — began to compile and organize Israel’s story. They weren’t just historians. They were preserving the Law, the Prophets, the Psalms, and Wisdom literature, laying the foundation for what we now call the Old Testament canon — the officially recognized Word of God.


Although Chronicles and Kings both belong to the historical books, Chronicles has a very different character. Think of it like the four Gospels in the New Testament — Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John all tell the story of Jesus, but from different perspectives, each with unique emphases. In the same way, Chronicles doesn’t just supplement Kings or Samuel — it's an independent retelling with its own theological voice.


So as we read Chronicles, don’t treat it like a mere appendix or repetition. Approach it like reading another Gospel account — from a different lens. That way, we’ll be able to appreciate its distinctive features and theological insights.


Just as each Gospel writer portrayed Jesus through the lens of their own experiences and calling, the author of Chronicles was not merely interested in history, but in what God was saying through that history to His people.


Now let’s jump into 1 Chronicles Chapter 1.


Chapters 1 through 9 are mostly genealogies — and let’s admit, this is where many readers get stuck. The names are long, unfamiliar, and often seem repetitive. You might wonder, “What am I even reading here?”


But don’t dismiss these chapters too quickly. They record a sweeping history of humanity starting from Adam, through to Abraham, and eventually focus on Israel’s twelve tribes — especially the lineage of King David.


We’ll see that Saul, David, and Solomon are specifically mentioned, which signals the book’s emphasis — much like Samuel — on the royal lineage, especially that of David.


Though these genealogies may feel tedious, if you slow down, you’ll discover hidden gems — names that are repeated, names that are omitted, and lineages that reveal deeper theological messages. These aren’t just biological records. They’re theological storytelling in disguise.


The first section traces the genealogy from Adam to Abraham, continuing the narrative from Genesis. It focuses especially on Shem, the ancestor of Abram (later Abraham), highlighting the line through which God’s promise would be fulfilled.


Interestingly, the author doesn’t ignore Abraham’s other descendants. He includes Ishmael, Abraham’s son through Hagar, even though Ishmael wasn’t the child of promise. This shows the writer’s commitment to historical integrity and inclusion.


Likewise, the children of Keturah, Abraham’s later wife, are also listed. These descendants play little role in salvation history, but they are still part of God’s broader plan.


Next, we meet Isaac’s two sons — Jacob (Israel) and Esau. Remember Esau? He’s the one who gave up his birthright for a bowl of stew. His descendants became the nation of Edom, a group with close but tense relations with Israel.


Even though this is just genealogy, it’s loaded with familiar names and stories. The writer isn’t just helping us "recognize faces," but helping us see how God’s redemptive work unfolded through real, flawed people.


Then in Chapter 2, we see a shift: the focus tightens on Jacob’s children, the forefathers of Israel’s twelve tribes. Interestingly, the list doesn’t start with Reuben, the firstborn, but jumps straight to Judah.


Why? Because David came from Judah’s line. This prioritization underscores a theological point: the Davidic line was central to God's covenant plan.


The genealogy is not randomly arranged — it’s a roadmap of promise, tracing from Abraham → Isaac → Jacob (Israel) → Judah → David. This line will eventually point forward to the Messiah (even though the author didn’t yet witness that fulfillment).


The author is also unafraid to mention messy parts of history.


For example, in Chapter 2:4, he records how Judah fathered Perez and Zerah through Tamar, his daughter-in-law. This story — found in Genesis 38 — involves trickery and scandal. Yet it’s recorded as-is, showing the author’s honesty, and reminding us that God’s grace often works through broken people and messy situations.


Likewise, in Chapter 3, Solomon’s mother is called Bath-shua, another name for Bathsheba — the woman involved in David’s most notorious sin. Yet again, this broken history is not erased but redeemed — Solomon becomes Israel’s next king.


These stories teach us something powerful: God does not use perfect people. He works through imperfect, fallen people who are willing to turn back to Him. Chronicles isn’t just a list of names; it’s a testimony to God’s grace through generations.


We then reach Chapter 2:18–20, introducing Hezron’s descendants, particularly Caleb’s family. This Caleb is not the one who scouted Canaan with Joshua, but a different Caleb — the son of Hezron from the tribe of Judah.


This Caleb had two wives: Azubah (who bore three sons), and later Ephrath, who bore Hur.

Here’s where it gets interesting: Hur fathered Uri, and Uri fathered Bezalel — the artist chosen by God to design the Tabernacle and Ark of the Covenant in Exodus.


So you see, this isn’t just about kings or prophets. Even skilled artisans like Bezalel, who served God with their talents, are honored in this genealogy.


And that’s the beauty of 1 Chronicles: in God’s salvation plan, it’s not only leaders who are remembered, but also faithful servants from all walks of life.


Let’s pause here at the end of Chapter 2. In the next session, we’ll continue exploring more of 1 Chronicles together.


Thanks for listening, and may God bless you!

 

 

 

 



 



 
 
 

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